Work History

Staked as Great Northern, Northern Lights and 5 Victoria claims in Oct/1897; as Borealis cl (4607) in Apr/1900; as Yukon Chief cl (4819) in Oct/02; and as Mattie Hurley cl (7581) in Jul/07. Recent staking in this vicinity consists of None cl 1-18 (87816) in Aug/66 by G. Conner and others, and AC cl 1-3 (Yl5428) in Jul/68 by A. Caldwell. 
In Sep/96 M. Ellis staked Bailie cl 1-10 (YB94589) 2 km to the northeast. 

Restaked as White cl 1-91 (YC12858) in Dec/98 by Teck Corporation which carried out prospecting, geological mapping and preliminary soil sampling in 1999. In 2000 the company carried out hand trenching, expanded soil sampling and further prospecting. 
In Jan/2003 S. Ryan staked White cl 1-12 (YC23532) 4 km to the northwest (Minfile Occurrence #115O 011). S. Ryan restaked this occurrence as White cl 13-46 (YC27120) in Jun/2003. During the 2003 field season Ryan collected regional scale soil and rock samples across the region. Ryan staked White cl 47-106 (YC25657) in Dec/2003 around his existing claim block. 
In Jan/2004 S. Ryan optioned the White claims to Madalena Ventures Inc, which performed geological mapping, limited rock sampling and soil sampled the central portion of the claim block. In 2005 Madalena carried out ground magnetic surveys and extended soil sampling to the east and west sides of the claim block. In Jun/2006 Madalena transferred its interest in the White claims to 638523 B.C. Ltd (Newco) a wholly-owned subsidiary of the company in order to concentrate on their oil and gas properties. The White claims option was dropped at the end of 2006 and the claims were returned to S. Ryan. 
In Mar/2007 Ryan staked White cl 107-118 (YC60626) 4 km to the east. In May/2007 Ryan staked White cl 119-199 (YC60719) around the outer boundary of the existing White claims. On May 16, 2007 Underworld Resources Ltd optioned the entire White claim block from S. Ryan. Underworld carried out soil sampling, geological mapping, trenching, rock sampling and IP ground surveys on the claim block. 
In Jul/2008 White cl 200-303 (YC75721) were added on the northern boundary of the claim block and in Oct/2008 White cl 304-376 (YC84213) were added to Underworlds holdings. In 2008 Underworld Resources drilled 27 diamond drill holes (3 431 m) on the entire White Gold property. Three holes (265.48m ) were collared to test Ryans showing, and two holes (85.4m ) tested Ulli’s ridge, located 1.25 km southeast of Ryan's showing. The company also geologically mapped and rock and soil sampled Ryans showing and Ulli’s ridge. A separate trenching program was carried out on Ulli’s ridge. 
In 2009 Underworld carried out a three phase diamond drill program consisting of 25,670 m in 94 holes on the White Gold property. Ryan's showing (surprise) was not tested but the company collared 4 holes (658.4 m) at Minneapolis Creek located approximately 1.25 km to the north. The company also carried out significant grid and ridge contour soil sampling programs over the property. 
In Mar/2010 Kinross Gold Corp announced a proposed acquisition of all shares of Underworld Resources with the aim of acquiring control of the White Gold deposit and Underworld’s various exploration properties located in the Dawson region of the Yukon. In Apr/2010 Kinross announced its successful acquisition of 87% of the issued and outstanding common shares of Underworld Resources. Kinross immediately took steps to acquire the remaining shares of the company and on June 30, 2010 took Underworld Resources private resulting in Underworld Resources becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of Kinross. 
As a privately held company Underworld is not required to release exploration results. According to Yukon Exploration and Geology 2010, Kinross spent $14 000 000 exploring on both the White Gold and JP Ross properties (Minfile Occurrence #115O 160) located approximately 28 km to the northeast. 

In 2010 and 2011 Kinross completed exploration diamond drilling programs and regional geological programs and geochemical surveys. There were a total of 9932 m drilled on the White Gold property across six targets: Golden Saddle, Arc, McKinnon, Lynx, Ryan, and Thistle. Surface exploration comprised geologic mapping, prospecting, 30 trenches, infill grid soil sampling and property wide stream sediment sampling. Initial discovery of gold mineralization at Ryan's Surprise occurred in 2011 with diamond hole WGRS11D0003 returning 6.33 g/t Au over 6.56 m from 159.44 m downhole.

In 2012 additional prospecting, trenching and soil sampling was completed.

On May 18, 2017 WGO acquired 100% interest in 4280 quartz claims, the WHT property was one of five properties included in the acquisition from Kinross.

In 2017 work completed on the WHT property focused on Golden Saddle and Arc deposits. The exploration program comprised soil sampling, GT probe sampling, 17 line km's of IP & resistivity, 15 square km of drone surveys, 970.3 line-km of airborne DIGHEM surveying, 35 drill holes (31 RC; 4 diamond) and geologic mapping. Drilling focused on infill and expansion of the Golden Saddle and Arc deposits.

In 2018 the primary focus was to expand the Golden Saddle resource with infill and step-out drilling. The program consisted of 46 diamond (16 249.75 m) and 14 RC (2397.3 m) drill holes, 22 IP and resistivity lines, 44 square km of drone surveying, property wide prospecting and geologic mapping.

In 2019 the exploration program focus was to further define the Golden Saddle and Arc resources as well as identify new targets and better define mineralization at known targets. The exploration program comprised 29 diamond drill holes (6827.7 m), 20 RAB drill holes (1354.54 m), 515 GT Probe samples across 6 targets, infill soil sampling programs, VLF surveys, geologic mapping and prospecting.  The current mineral resource estimates for Golden Saddle and Arc deposits as of May 15, 2020 include Indicated Resources of 1,140,000 ounces at 2.28 g/t Au and Inferred resources of 402,100 ounces at 1.39 g/t Au. Revised geological interpretation in 2019 indicated that the mineralized zone at Ryan's Surprise may strike west-southwest and dip steeply to the south-southeast, prior drilling in the area had typically been oriented towards the south. Two diamond drill holes oriented northward tested the interpretation and intersected mineralization of 4.14 metres averaging 2.85 g/t Au at 142.2 metres downhole and 21 metres of 2.07 g/t Au from 154 metres downhole, including 8.42 metres of 3.55 g/t Au.

In 2020 the exploration program consisted of GT Probe sampling (10 lines, 403 samples) at Ulli's Ridge, Ryan's Surprise and Minneapolis Creek targets and 6 diamond drill holes (1632.5 m) at Ryan's Surprise. Drilling returned several high-grade gold intercepts including 17.4 g/t Au over 3.47 m in hole WHTRS20D013, 10.96 g/t Au over 3.76 m in hole WHTRS20D017, and 8.69 g/t Au over 12.3 m in hole WHTRS20D018.

In 2021 a total of 8 diamond drill holes totaling 2651 m ranging from 197 to 452 m were completed. Drilling was designed to test the western strike and down-dip extensions of the high-grade gold mineralization intercept from 2020 and test for near-surface mineralization along the northern most part of the Ulli's ridge target. Prior drilling in the north-eastern region of Ryan's surprise (primary target area of drilling in previous seasons) appears to contain multiple steeply southwest-dipping gold zones with grades up to 20.67 g/t Au over 6.10 m. However, to the southwest, results from 2021 suggest mineralization occurs within moderately southeast dipping structures with grades up to 10.36 g/t Au over 3.25 m. The intersection between the two zone orientation appears to define the ‘Ulli’s Central Fault', which is interpreted to bisect the target area. Some highlights of the drill program include: WHTRS21D026 -10.36 g/t over 3.25m, 2.07 g/t Au over 3.40m and 2.09 g/t Au over 5.05m; WHTRS21D020 - 3.66 g/t Au over 6.00m and 1.66 g/t Au over 25.50; WHTRS21D021 - 1.84 g/t Au over 6.50m, 3.35 g/t Au over 6.05m, 1.38 g/t Au over 7.78m and 2.14 g/t Au over 5.85m.

Capsule Geology

The geology of the Stewart River Area was remapped by J. Ryan and S. Gordey (2004) of the Geological Survey of Canada beginning in 2000 as a component of the Ancient Pacific Margin NATMAP Project. The NATMAP Project is a interagency project initiated by the Geological Survey of Canada, Yukon Geology Program (now Yukon Geological Survey) and British Columbia Geological Survey Branch to understand the composition, relationships and metallogenic of poorly understood pericratonic terranes lying between the ancestral North American margin and those known with more certainty to be tectonically accreted. The Stewart River component focuses on the Yukon-Tanana terrane, comprising complexly deformed mostly (?) Paleozoic meta-igneous and metasedimentary rocks. In 2005 S. Gordey and J. Ryan released a geological compilation map for the Stewart River area. The map units generally remained the same as the 2004 geology map but age dates were changed to reflect new dates obtained through geochronology data. 
J. Ryan reported that the Stewart River area is underlain by twice-transposed, amphibolite-facies gneiss and schist of mostly (?) Paleozoic age. These are intruded by younger plutonic rocks (Jurassic, Cretaceous and Eocene) and overlain by upper Cretaceous volcanic rocks. Metasiliclastic rocks are widespread and dominated by psammite and quartzite, with lesser pelite and rare conglomerate. Preliminary detrital zircon geochronology and geochronology for plutonic rocks constrain the siliclastic rocks to the Middle Paleozoic. Amphibolite interdigitates with and stratigraphically overlies the siliclastic rocks. Marble horizons ((?) reefs) occurs within the amphibolite and siliclastic rocks. Orthogneissic rocks with diorite, tonalite and granodiorite protoliths intrude both the siliclastic and amphibole assemblages; it is interpreted as a subvolcanic intrusive complex. 
Geological mapping by J. Ryan and S. Gordey shows the area surrounding the occurrence is dominated by an intensely folded package of felsic psammites with lesser quartzite, conglomerate and rare marble horizons, interdigitated with amphiboles of probable volcaniclastic protolith. A felsic orthogneiss has been thrust to the east. This package has been thrust over a weakly deformed garnet-biotite gneissic unit. This contact defines the tectonostraigraphic boundary between the underlying, weakly deformed garnet-biotite gneissic unit and the overlying, intensely deformed assemblage. The deformed assemblage (and most likely the undeformed unit) is cross-cut by quartz monzonite dykes, up to two metres thick with a minimum of three generations of emplacement (observed from cross-cutting relationships) Large quartz diorite dykes, displaying no deformation, have also been mapped to the north and the south. A cap of mafic-ultramafic rock has been thrust on top of the stratigraphic pile. 

The exploration history of the original Northern Lights occurrence is unclear. Exploration in the area was probably related to a rumour of rich gold quartz specimens being found here some years prior to 1887. Wm. Ogilvie a geologist employed by the Canada Department of Mines recorded the rumour in the early 1900’s during his work in the Yukon. According to the rumour, a specimen of gold bearing quartz, assaying $20 000.00 per ton was found high above the river opposite the mouth of the White River. Ogilvie failed to verify the rumour. No gold veins have ever been discovered to date at the previously identified Northern Lights occurrence. 

The area surrounding Ryans Surprise (this occurrence’s new location) is underlain by Devonian to Mississippian age psammite/quartz-mica schist. Prospecting by Teck Corporation in 1998 uncovered quartz float on Minneapolis Creek approximately 1.25 km north of Ryans Showing . The quartz float contained chalcopyrite and galena and assayed 6.46 g/t gold and 26.5 g/t silver. Moss mat samples collected in 1999 downstream of the float returned values of 30 ppb and 35 ppb gold respectively. A reconnaissance soil line collected over the gold bear quartz float returned values up to 75 ppb gold, 1 445 ppm arsenic, 20 ppm antimony, 135 ppm copper and 391 ppm zinc. Teck Corporation focused most of their remaining exploration efforts in and around the Teachers showing located approximately 4 km to the north (Minfile Occurrence #115O 011). 
In 2003 S. Ryan collected a float specimen of massive white quartz with minor limonite and malachite staining which assayed just over 50 g/t gold. Follow-up prospecting located a partially exposed quartz vein in what appeared to be a very old hand trench (possibly the rich gold vein reported by old timers to Ogilvie) on top of Minneapolis ridge. Trenching on the site uncovered four quartz veins, (collectively have been referred to as Ryans showing) 0.30 to 3.5 m wide which generally trend north-eastwards and dip 60 degrees to the southeast. Two veins, the Mike and the Shawn veins have been described in press releases and public reports. The veins are comprised of white, variably fractured bull-quartz with trace to several % sulphides. In 2004 samples were collected from the Mike and Shawn veins. Larger samples than normal were purposely collected to try and reduce the gold nugget affect associated with visible gold. Three samples from the Mike Vein returned values of 4.43, 6.96 and 9.75 g/t gold. Two samples collected from the Shawn Vein returned values of 3.67 and 5.52 g/t gold. Chip sampling conducted in 2007 returned 1.8 g/t gold over 40 m with the maximum grade of 9.8 g/t gold over 5 m. 
S. Ryan, Madalena Ventures and Underworld Resources systematically soil sampled the White claims, expanding the sampling as the claim block grew. The sampling to date has outlined a 8.0 by 3.5 km wide soil anomaly across the length of the claim block containing numerous discrete gold anomalies with a threshold of 50 ppb gold. Two of the anomalies are associated with this occurrence. The Minneapolis Creek gold zone measures 1 000 by 500 m, is centered over the upper end of Minneapolis Creek and has returned values up to 567 ppb gold. The Ryans showing gold zone measures 1 800 by 1 100 m with soil values reaching 669 ppb gold. 
The three 2008 drill holes collared on Ryans showing tested continuation at depth of the 4 quartz veins. Hole WD08-002 returned 1.2 g/t gold over 3.31 m from a down hole depth of between 44.26 and 47.57 m. The two drill holes collared on Ulli’s ridge failed to intersect significant mineralization. 
The four 2009 drill holes completed on Minneapolis Creek are located approximately 1.25 km north of this occurrence. They were drilled to test the Minneapolis gold zone soil anomaly. Hole MC09-01 appears to have been lost in overburden. Holes MC09-02 and 04 did not intercept any significant mineralization. Hole MC09 returned 7.5 m grading 0.50 g/t gold from at depth of between 31.5 and 39 m. Initial discovery of gold mineralization at Ryan's Surprise occurred in 2011 with diamond hole WGRS11D0003 returning 6.33 g/t Au over 6.56 m from 159.44 m downhole.

Ryan's Surprise is situated on a 6.5 km x 1.0 km wide north-south trend of anomalous gold and arsenic in soils, which hosts several other targets including Ulli's Ridge, Minneapolis Creek, Principal Ridge and Teachers. At Ryan's Surprise, gold mineralization is structurally controlled by brittle breccia and fracture zones with minor late quartz veining predominantly in the metaquartzite along a 100 m to 125 m wide east-west trending structural corridor. There is a strong association with anomalous arsenic, hydrothermal graphite and sooty pyrite. To date, 18 holes totalling 4,406 m have tested the Ryan's Surprise target along an approximately 300 m strike length and to a vertical depth of 300 m. 

References

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, Annual Report 1889, Part 8. Reprinted in: Information respecting the Yukon district from the reports of Wm. Ogilvie, Dominion land surveyor and from other sources. Department of the Interior, 1897, p. 38. 

GORDEY, S.P. AND MAKEPEACE, A.J. 2003: Yukon Digital Geology, version 2.0, S.P. Gordey and A.J. Makepeace (comp); Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 1749 and Yukon Geological Survey, Open File 2003-9 (D). 

KINROSS GOLD CORP., May/2011. Web Site: www.kinross.com. 

MADALENA VENTURES INC, Jun/2005. Assessment Report #094575 by R.A. Doherty and C.H. Ash. 

MADALENA VENTURES INC, Jun/2006. Assessment Report #094607 by R.A. Doherty. 

MADALENA VENTURES INC, Jan/2006. Assessment Report #094646 by R.A. Doherty. 

MORTENSEN, J.K., 1990. Geology and U-Pb geochronology of the Klondike district, west-central Yukon Territory. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, vol. 27, p. 903-914. 

RYAN, J.J. AND GORDEY, S.P., 2002: Bedrock geology of Yukon-Tanana terrane in southern Stewart River map area, Yukon Territory; Geological Survey of Canada, Current Research 2002-A1, 11 p. 

Ryan, J.J. ET AL., 2003: Update on bedrock geological mapping of the Yukon-Tanana terrane, southern Stewart River map area, Yukon Territory; Geological Survey of Canada, Current Research 2003-A9, 7 p. 

Ryan, J.J. AND GORDEY, S.P., 2004; Geology Stewart River Area (Parts of 115N/1,2,7,8 and 115O/2- 12), Yukon Territory; Geological Survey of Canada, Open file 4641, scale 1:100 000. 

RYAN. S., Dec/2004. Assessment Report #094508 by S. Ryan. 

RYAN. S., AND UNDERWORLD RESOURCES INC., Dec/2008. Assessment Report #095034 by S. Ryan and A. Fleming, (two reports). 

SHIVES, R.B.K., ET. AL. (2002): Airborne multisensor geophysical survey, Stewart River area, Yukon Territory, Phase 1 and 2 (parts of 115N and 116B); Geological Survey of Canada, Open file 4311. (also Yukon Exploration and Geological Services Division, Open File 2002-17D). 

SRK CONSULTING (CANADA) INC. Mar/2010. White Gold Property, Dawson Range, Yukon, Canada. By L Weirshauser, M Nowark and W. Barnett. (Project Number 2CU003.000). 

TECK CORPORATION, Feb/2000. Assessment Report #094079 and #094080 by M. Papageorge and J. Pautler. 

TECK CORPORATION, May/2001. Assessment Report #094230 by J. Pautler. 

UNDERWORLD RESOURCES LTD, Jul/2009. Assessment Report # 095090 by H.K. Paulsen. 

UNDERWORLD RESOURCES LTD, News Release, 16 May/2007, 18 Feb/2008, 23 Jul/2008, 27 Aug/2008, 24 Sep/2008, 28 Sep/2008, 24 Nov/2008, 6 May/2009, 10 Sep/2009, 5 Jan/2010, 19 Jan/2010, 27 Jan/2010, 11 Mar/2010, 26 Ap/2010, 30 Jun/2010. 

UNDERWORLD RESOURCES INC., Oct/2009. Web Site: www.underworldresources.com 

YUKON EXPLORATION AND GEOLOGY 2003, p. 11-12, 2007, p. 15, 2008, p.15-16, 2009, p. 24-25, 55, 58, 2010, p. 26, 61, 65.